Hacking: What it is, how it happens, and how to stay safe

Hacking

What it is (in plain words):

Hacking is finding a way into a system that wasn’t meant to be used as a door. Sometimes it’s done to fix problems (ethical hacking); other times it’s to steal data, spy, or cause damage (malicious hacking).

Common ways it happens:

  • Phishing and fake login pages

  • Weak or reused passwords

  • Unpatched bugs in apps, VPNs, or websites

  • Insecure Wi-Fi or exposed remote access

What hackers might do:

  • Steal logins, personal or payment data

  • Take over accounts or devices

  • Plant malware or backdoors

  • Lock files for ransom or sell access

If you think you’ve been hacked:

  1. Disconnect from the internet; don’t log in to sensitive accounts

  2. Run a full anti-malware scan and remove findings

  3. Change passwords from a clean device; enable MFA

  4. Review logins, sessions, and recovery options; sign out everywhere

How to prevent it:

  • Use strong, unique passwords (a manager helps) + MFA

  • Keep systems and apps updated

  • Be cautious with links/attachments and public Wi-Fi

  • Limit remote access; review who has admin rights

Learn more:
Hacker — who they are and how they work


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