Darknet: What it is, how it works, and key risks to watch out for

Darknet

What it is

The darknet is a part of the internet that runs on private, encrypted networks where visitors and website owners can stay anonymous. You need special software (like Tor) to reach these sites. Not everything there is illegal, but the anonymity makes it attractive for illicit markets and services. 

Why people use it

  • Privacy: whistleblowing, research, or avoiding censorship.

  • Crime: trading stolen data, malware, drugs, or hacking services under cover of anonymity.

How it works 

  • Traffic is routed through multiple relays to hide who you are and where a site is hosted.

  • Sites use non-standard addresses (e.g., .onion), only reachable via special browsers.

Risks to know

  • Scams and exit scams are common; sellers vanish with funds.

  • Malware and phishing thrive; many downloads are booby-trapped.

  • Crypto payments are irreversible; fake “escrow” services abound.

  • Law enforcement monitors markets and can deanonymize sloppy users.

If you go there (safety basics)

  • Use a dedicated, up-to-date browser/device; avoid downloads.

  • Never reveal personal info; assume chats are logged.

  • Treat links, files, and “wallet helpers” as hostile.

  • Understand local laws—access isn’t a crime, activity can be.

    Glossary (A–Z)

    All A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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